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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different varieties can produce distinct flavors. Find out more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter flavor profile and are frequently used in coffee blends for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world, making up 75% of all global coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta, and come in different flavour profiles. The aroma and taste of a coffee may vary widely depending on the growing conditions and methods of processing used to produce it.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word meaning the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats were stimulated after eating these berries, and the cultivation of coffee soon spread across the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and they are in a position to thrive when exposed to cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee bean suppliers is considered to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on finding their arabica beans in a sustainable manner by focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique coffees, which are suitable for different brewing methods. Blending gives you control over the aroma, flavor as well as body and acidity of the coffee. It is frequently preferred to achieve a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most sought-after type of coffee bean in the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants that naturally occur. However, these acids can cause oxidation during the coffee brewing process and could result in unpleasant flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and can be grown in less favorable climates. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective crop to cultivate.

Although it might appear counterintuitive Robusta beans are typically blended with arabica to make coffee blends. If you've seen the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag, it's likely that there's a bit of robusta as well.

Most roasters use a mixture of arabica and good coffee beans beans in order to cut costs while maintaining quality. To preserve the quality of the flavor, it's essential to select a top-quality beans from a source you are confident with. The best way to achieve this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped and are therefore distinct from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive aroma that is floral and fruity with smokey undertones. They are paired with other types of coffee beans to give them a deeper, more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They are tolerant of hot, humid conditions and can be grown at low altitudes. They also have a much better resistance to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These characteristics make them ideal for growing at home. Online, you can purchase the seeds from various sources. However, it's ideal to purchase the beans from local producers to ensure the highest quality. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee are fertile, deep volcano soils with moderately acidic as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa, which was once considered a distinct species, but was later re-classified to be a variant of Liberica. The coffee beans that are oval in shape are grown on large coffee bean company plants that reach 20-30 feet in height at medium altitudes. They have a distinctive taste that is both fruity and tart which makes them a popular choice in house blends. They are also less heavy on the aroma and caffeine compared to Arabica and Robusta however they still have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee bean suppliers beans aren't as well-known as Arabica and Robusta, yet they're the fourth most popular. They were actually considered a different coffee plant species until 2006 when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. These days, they're mostly grown in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans have the shape of teardrops and possess a dark, mysterious taste. These beans are commonly utilized to give blends extra body and a sweet tart flavor of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are the most popular, and are renowned for their an apricot-like flavor. They thrive at high altitudes and have warm, tropical climates. They are slightly acidic. If properly brewed and roasted, they can have notes like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most-loved coffee worldwide, and accounts for about 40% of the coffee consumed around the world. Robusta beans are rounder and smaller, yet they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two varieties and have a woody, earthy taste.

Now that you've learned the four most common types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select your ideal coffee. If you prefer a smooth and delicate flavor opt for an arabica or a blend made up of arabica beans and robusta beans.